Hemoglobin 78 gL What Degree of Anemia

## Hemoglobin 78: What Degree of Anemia?

A hemoglobin level of 78 g/L indicates moderate anemia. Hemoglobin, the primary oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells, is a crucial indicator for assessing the severity of anemia. While normal hemoglobin ranges vary slightly across populations, generally, normal values for adult males are 120-160 g/L, and for adult females, 110-150 g/L. Anemia is diagnosed when hemoglobin concentration falls below the normal range.

Anemia is a syndrome characterized by a reduced red blood cell volume in peripheral blood, below the normal lower limit, resulting in insufficient oxygen transport to tissues. Based on the degree of hemoglobin reduction, anemia is classified into four levels: mild, moderate, severe, and very severe. Specifically:

• Mild anemia: Hemoglobin 90-120 g/L
• Moderate anemia: Hemoglobin 60-90 g/L
• Severe anemia: Hemoglobin 30-60 g/L
• Very severe anemia: Hemoglobin <30 g/L

Therefore, a hemoglobin level of 78 g/L falls within the moderate anemia range.

Individuals with moderate anemia experience reduced blood oxygen-carrying capacity and altered blood volume, along with weakened compensatory mechanisms in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This can lead to various symptoms such as tinnitus, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating. These symptoms not only impact daily life but can also negatively affect work and academic performance.

Anemia has diverse causes, potentially involving decreased red blood cell production, excessive red blood cell destruction, or blood loss. Treatment requires identifying the underlying cause. For example:

• Nutritional deficiencies: Iron, folate, or vitamin B12 deficiencies necessitate supplementation.
• Chronic blood loss: Treatment focuses on addressing the source of bleeding.
• Immune-related anemia: Immunosuppressants may be necessary.

Beyond addressing the underlying cause, managing moderate anemia involves lifestyle adjustments: maintaining a healthy sleep schedule, avoiding overexertion, eating a balanced diet rich in iron, folate, and vitamin B12, and undergoing regular check-ups to monitor hemoglobin levels and adjust treatment plans as needed.

In conclusion, a hemoglobin level of 78 g/L signifies moderate anemia, requiring prompt attention and treatment. Identifying and addressing the underlying cause, combined with lifestyle modifications, helps most patients improve symptoms and quality of life. Regular health check-ups are crucial for early detection and management of anemia and other hematological disorders.